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PHP is a scripting language for creating websites.

JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language, often used within web pages.

jQuery is a JavaScript library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating and Ajax interaction. Originally developed by John Resig.

Modernizr is a JavaScript library that detects HTML5 and CSS3 features in the visitors browser.

Nginx (pronounced as "engine X") is a lightweight open source web server developed by Igor Sysoev.

Ubuntu is a Linux distribution.

Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.

Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.

Amazon CloudFront is a content delivery web service by Amazon.

Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.

Microsoft is a multinational technology company headquartered in USA, also offering email services.

Starfield Technologies is an SSL certificate authority owned by Go Daddy.

unpkg is a JavaScript content delivery network for libraries that use the npm package manager.

jsDelivr is a service for hosting JavaScript files.

Google Hosted Libraries (formerly called Google Libraries API) is a content distribution network for the most popular, open-source JavaScript libraries, provided by Google.

Google Analytics is a free service to get detailed statistics about the visitors of a website, provided by Google. This includes the Ads conversion tracking and the Floodlight services.

Facebook Pixel is an analytics tool to track actions on websites.

Full Circle Studies collects information about general website visitation patterns as part of the ComScore market research.

Chartbeat is a real-time web analytics tool by Betaworks.

Mixpanel is a real-time web analytics service to track users behavior.

Navegg is an open and free website tracking system generating demographic visitor profiles.

The Google Advertising network consists of AdSense, DoubleClick and other services.

Xandr is an advertising network owned by Microsoft, formerly by AT&T. This includes the former AppNexus brand.

OpenX (previously called phpAds, phpAdsNew, MaxMediaManager and Openads) is an open source ad management system and ad marketplace.

Equativ (formerly Smart AdServer) is an advertising networks for ads served on the web, mobile and tablets.

MGID is an advertising network specialized in native advertising.

PubMatic is a marketing automation software provider.

The Google Tag Manager is a Google service to support webmasters to manage tags on their websites.

Facebook Social Plugins provide a way for Facebook users to share web pages with their friends.

A Twitter Button allows a Twitter user to post a tweet from the visited site.

The WhatsApp share button allows users to share content with their WhatsApp contacts.

A Telegram sharing button is a way to let users forward content from websites to their contacts on Telegram.

External Cascading Style Sheets define style rules in a separate CSS file.

Embedded Cascading Style Sheets define a set of style rules in a <style> element within a web page.

Inline Cascading Style Sheets define style rules directly within an (X)HTML element using the style attribute.

Persistent cookies with an expiration time of up to 1 day.

HttpOnly cookies are used only in the HTTP protocol and not in client side scripts, which may increase security.

Non-secure cookies may be used via an unencrypted connections, which may be a security threat.

Gzip (GNU zip) is a file compression algorithm.

The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) provides amongst others a vastly larger address space than the preceding version 4. We consider a website to support IPv6 if a 128-bit address is assigned to it, regardless of the content delivered at that address.

HTTP/3 is the third major version of the HTTP network protocol, derived from the QUIC protocol.

HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) defines a mechanism enabling web sites to declare themselves accessible only via secure connections.

The websites redirects visitors to its www subdomain, e.g. from example.com to www.example.com.

The websites redirects visitors to use SSL encryption, e.g. from http://example.com/ to https://example.com/.

Session cookies are temporary cookies, which are deleted when the user closes the browser.

Persistent cookies with an expiration time between 1 day and 1 month.

Persistent cookies with an expiration time between 1 month and 1 year.

Non-HttpOnly cookies are used in the HTTP protocol and also in client side scripts, which may be a security threat.

Secure cookies are used only via an encrypted connections, which may increase security.

The Open Graph protocol, originally developed by Facebook, is an RDFa-based format that enables any web page to become a rich object in a social graph.

Twitter Cards enable automatic attachment of photos, videos and media elements to Tweets.

JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding Linked Data using JSON.

Generic RDFa (Resource Description Framework in attributes) is RDFa without further specialization.

Microdata is a specification to integrate metadata within existing content on web pages.

HTML5 is the fifth revision of the HTML standard.

Transitional version of HTML.

UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode, which is backwards compatible with ASCII.

PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a lossless compression image format, suitable to store graphics with uniformly colored areas, and originally introduced as a free, open-source successor of GIF.

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector image format.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a lossy compression method suitable to store photographic images.

GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) is a lossless compression image format, originally introduced by CompuServe and suitable to store graphics, logos and simple animations.

WebP is an image format that provides lossless and lossy compression, developed by Google.

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