No.
They use different connectors, different rules to activate and refresh the stored values, and different voltages, so even if someone could make a physical adapter, it still would not work. It's very, very rare that a motherboard would have both kinds of connectors.
DDR3 for desktop and server PCs use a 240 pin connector; DDR3 SO-DIMMs for laptops have 204 pins.
DDR4 for desktop and server PCs use a 288 pin connector; DDR4 SO-DIMMs for laptops and some Mac desktops have 260 pins. Source1 Source 2 Micron data sheet Wikipedia entry for SO-DIMM