I think you want the behavior of cursor(point) and visible area should be like in notepad, gedit, others modern editors: ability to change visible area independently of point position and to immediately return visible area to point position after moving point. But emacs has another conception: the visible area always follows the point position and vise versa.

See also http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9616623/ctrl-up-down-style-scrolling-in-emacs

Previous answer shows special idiom: if you want to move the visible area (with the point together) far from current position and then to return the point in exactly the previous position you should have a habit to use mark-ring. There always is a way through mark ring to current working position: many commands, like isearch-forward, beginning-of-buffer, ace-jump-mode automatically save previous position in mark ring and you shouldn't use C-<SPC> C-<SPC> before, but only C-u C-<SPC> for jumping back. Scrolling commands, like scroll-up or mwheel-scroll, don't automatically save previous position by default because it may produce too many excessive marks.

You can use commands clone-indirect-buffer or view-buffer-other-window for independent work with buffer in few places. And use command recenter-top-bottom (C-l) to continuously hold point in center of visible area.

I think you want the behavior of cursor(point) and visible area should be like in notepad, gedit, others modern editors: ability to change visible area independently of point position and to immediately return visible area to point position after moving point. But emacs has another conception: the visible area always follows the point position and vise versa.

See also https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9616623/ctrl-up-down-style-scrolling-in-emacs

Previous answer shows special idiom: if you want to move the visible area (with the point together) far from current position and then to return the point in exactly the previous position you should have a habit to use mark-ring. There always is a way through mark ring to current working position: many commands, like isearch-forward, beginning-of-buffer, ace-jump-mode automatically save previous position in mark ring and you shouldn't use C-<SPC> C-<SPC> before, but only C-u C-<SPC> for jumping back. Scrolling commands, like scroll-up or mwheel-scroll, don't automatically save previous position by default because it may produce too many excessive marks.

You can use commands clone-indirect-buffer or view-buffer-other-window for independent work with buffer in few places. And use command recenter-top-bottom (C-l) to continuously hold point in center of visible area.