It sounds like the drive itself might be bad. I would try wiping the drive and make a new partition and see if it works. Try MiniTool Partition Wizard or Gnome Partition Editor. If this doesnt work, the drive is likely dead.
Also try the enclosure with the old drive. Does it work? If so, then the new drive is bad. Also, if possible, try the new and old drives on another computer in that enclosure. If they dont work, the enclosure might be the issue.