If you want to show all the directories in the current directory:
$ du -sh */
788K foo/
500K bar/
931K baz/
To show them starting from another directory:
$ du -sh /path/to/dir/*/
48K /path/to/dir/dir1/
4.0K /path/to/dir/dir2/
6.7M /path/to/dir/dir3/
20K /path/to/dir/dir4/
8.0K /path/to/dir/dir5/
44K /path/to/dir/dir6/
If you want to make sure directories with names starting with a dot are included do shopt -s dotglob
first.