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For Linux

• Pynotify

  Pyinotify is a Python module for monitoring filesystems changes. Pyinotify relies on a Linux Kernel feature (merged in kernel 2.6.13) called inotify, which is an event-driven notifier. Its notifications are exported from kernel space to user space through three system calls. Pyinotify binds these system calls and provides an implementation on top of them offering a generic and abstract way to manipulate those functionalities.

  Here you can find the list of the events that can be monitored with Pynotify.

For Windows

• Watcher

  Watcher is a low-level C extension for receiving file system updates using the ReadDirectoryChangesW API on Windows systems. The package also includes a high-level interface to emulate most of the .NET FileSystemWatcher API.

• Watchdog

  Python API and shell utilities to monitor file system events. Easy install: $ pip install watchdog. For more info visit the documentation.

• Pywatch

  A python near-clone of the Linux watch command. The pywatch.watcher.Watcher class can be told to watch a set of files, and given a set of commands to run whenever any of those files change.

Multiplatform

• Qt's QFileSystemWatcher

  The QFileSystemWatcher class provides an interface for monitoring files and directories for modifications. This class was introduced in Qt 4.2.