This is something that can be done outside of Tableau in a batch command or python script. Both can be automated with Windows scheduler if on Windows. Ultimately, you want to pick up the most recent file and copy it to something like datasample_today.csv then connect Tableau to that file. Tableau will then always be connected to the latest file. Here is how you could do it in Python.
Python:
import glob
import os
list_of_files = glob.glob('/path/to/folder/*.csv') #* is wildcard
latest_file = max(list_of_files, key=os.path.getctime)
print(latest_file)
from shutil import copyfile
copyfile(latest_file, '<your dir>\datasample_today.csv')
I'm not at all proficient in batch commands so you'll have to test this out and there is a lot here on SO to help.
Batch:
FOR /F %%I IN ('DIR *.* /B /O:-D') DO COPY %%I <<NewDir>> & EXIT