The right image is an augmented reality tag, according to NASA/JPL, and as commented by @aml.
Although early QR codes had fewer pixels than the ones seen nowadays, all have had black-white-black concentric "targets" at three corners. Those can't fit into a 6x6 grid, not even the one-target Micro QR variant.
AR tags and QR tags are distinct. Despite JPL's claim in their photo's caption, the They only overlap in their specifications and their uses is: squareness and pointing cameras at them.