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(t)+1is that an addition of(t)and1or is it a cast of+1to typet? C++ design had to solve the problem of how to lex templates containing>>correctly. And so on.&&as a single&&token and not as two&tokens, because thea & (&b)interpretation isn't a reasonable thing to write, so a human would never have meant that and been surprised by the compiler treating it asa && b. Whereas both!(!a)and!!aare possible things for a human to mean, so it's a bad idea for the compiler to resolve the ambiguity with an arbitrary tokenization-level rule.!!is not only possible/reasonable to write, but the canonical "convert to boolean" idiom.--avs-(-a), both of which are valid syntactically but have different semantics.