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The first reports of hallucinations during perceptual isolation were in 1953, by Heron, Bexton, and Hebb.^3,4

In 1960, Vosberg et al. found that an anechoic chamber produced a high incidence of auditory and visual hallucinations even within an hour.^1,2

Brady and Mason¹ aimed to "establish whether brief sensory deprivation in an anechoic chamber can elicit psychotic-like experiences, and perceptual distortions in particular, and whether these are related to hallucination proneness".

Their procedure was to have a subject spend "15 minutes in the chamber in complete darkness".

They concluded that "short-term sensory deprivation was found to lead to increases in several aspects of psychotic-like experience including perceptual disturbances, anhedonia, and paranoia. Hallucination prone participants experienced greater perceptual disturbances than nonprone participants".¹

A meta-study by Zuckerman and Cohen analyzed the experiments on perceptual isolation pre-1964.³ In my opinion, this was a very thorough review, examining "methods of confinement and restriction, conditions of illumination, duration of isolation, set, instructions and suggestions, reporting or verbalization instructions, sleep, subject populations, prior knowledge and expectations, intelligence and personality characteristics of subject's, stress response, and methods of obtaining reported visual and auditory sensations".

(I'll add more to this answer later.)

References

^{1. OJ Mason, F Brady. The Psychotomimetic Effects of Short-Term Sensory Deprivation. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 2009}

^{2. R. Vosberg, N. Fraser, J. Guehl. Imagery Sequence in Sensory Deprivation. AMA Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1960; 2(3):356-357}

^{3. M. Zuckerman, N. Cohen. Sources of Reports of Visual and Auditory Sensations in Perceptual Isolation Experiences.}

^{4. W. Heron, W.H. Bexton, and D.O. Hebb Cognitive effects of a decreased variation to the sensory environment.. Amer. Psychologist, 1953, 8, 366.}

The first reports of hallucinations during perceptual isolation were in 1953, by Heron, Bexton, and Hebb.^3,4

In 1960, Vosberg et al. found that an anechoic chamber produced a high incidence of auditory and visual hallucinations even within an hour.^1,2

Brady and Mason¹ aimed to "establish whether brief sensory deprivation in an anechoic chamber can elicit psychotic-like experiences, and perceptual distortions in particular, and whether these are related to hallucination proneness".

Their procedure was to have a subject spend "15 minutes in the chamber in complete darkness".

They concluded that "short-term sensory deprivation was found to lead to increases in several aspects of psychotic-like experience including perceptual disturbances, anhedonia, and paranoia. Hallucination prone participants experienced greater perceptual disturbances than nonprone participants".¹

A meta-study by Zuckerman and Cohen analyzed the experiments on perceptual isolation pre-1964.³ In my opinion, this was a very thorough review, examining "methods of confinement and restriction, conditions of illumination, duration of isolation, set, instructions and suggestions, reporting or verbalization instructions, sleep, subject populations, prior knowledge and expectations, intelligence and personality characteristics of subject's, stress response, and methods of obtaining reported visual and auditory sensations". Anechoic chambers and auditory restriction were not the focus of this study but were covered briefly.

Zuckerman and Cohen reviewed the wide range of reported visual sensations and argued that the term "hallucinations" should only be applied to visual sensations that are "meaningful" (people, objects, scenes) as opposed to idioretinal responses (light flashes, spots, shapes). Auditory hallucinations have been obtained in both darkness and diffuse light settings. Their review also showed several studies that reported the highest incidence of reported visual sensations during the first hour of isolation, with incidence dropping off after that.

(I'll add more to this answer later.)

References

^{1. OJ Mason, F Brady. The Psychotomimetic Effects of Short-Term Sensory Deprivation. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 2009}

^{2. R. Vosberg, N. Fraser, J. Guehl. Imagery Sequence in Sensory Deprivation. AMA Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1960; 2(3):356-357}

^{3. M. Zuckerman, N. Cohen. Sources of Reports of Visual and Auditory Sensations in Perceptual Isolation Experiences.}

^{4. W. Heron, W.H. Bexton, and D.O. Hebb Cognitive effects of a decreased variation to the sensory environment.. Amer. Psychologist, 1953, 8, 366.}

In 1960, Vosberg et al. found that an anechoic chamber produced a high incidence of auditory and visual hallucinations even within an hour.^1,2

Brady and Mason¹ aimed to "establish whether brief sensory deprivation in an anechoic chamber can elicit psychotic-like experiences, and perceptual distortions in particular, and whether these are related to hallucination proneness".

Their procedure was to have a subject spend "15 minutes in the chamber in complete darkness".

They concluded that "short-term sensory deprivation was found to lead to increases in several aspects of psychotic-like experience including perceptual disturbances, anhedonia, and paranoia. Hallucination prone participants experienced greater perceptual disturbances than nonprone participants".¹

(I'll add more to this answer later.)

References

^{1. OJ Mason, F Brady. The Psychotomimetic Effects of Short-Term Sensory Deprivation. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 2009}

^{2. R. Vosberg, N. Fraser, J. Guehl. Imagery Sequence in Sensory Deprivation. AMA Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1960; 2(3):356-357}

The first reports of hallucinations during perceptual isolation were in 1953, by Heron, Bexton, and Hebb.^3,4

In 1960, Vosberg et al. found that an anechoic chamber produced a high incidence of auditory and visual hallucinations even within an hour.^1,2

Brady and Mason¹ aimed to "establish whether brief sensory deprivation in an anechoic chamber can elicit psychotic-like experiences, and perceptual distortions in particular, and whether these are related to hallucination proneness".

Their procedure was to have a subject spend "15 minutes in the chamber in complete darkness".

They concluded that "short-term sensory deprivation was found to lead to increases in several aspects of psychotic-like experience including perceptual disturbances, anhedonia, and paranoia. Hallucination prone participants experienced greater perceptual disturbances than nonprone participants".¹

A meta-study by Zuckerman and Cohen analyzed the experiments on perceptual isolation pre-1964.³ In my opinion, this was a very thorough review, examining "methods of confinement and restriction, conditions of illumination, duration of isolation, set, instructions and suggestions, reporting or verbalization instructions, sleep, subject populations, prior knowledge and expectations, intelligence and personality characteristics of subject's, stress response, and methods of obtaining reported visual and auditory sensations".

(I'll add more to this answer later.)

References

^{1. OJ Mason, F Brady. The Psychotomimetic Effects of Short-Term Sensory Deprivation. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 2009}

^{2. R. Vosberg, N. Fraser, J. Guehl. Imagery Sequence in Sensory Deprivation. AMA Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1960; 2(3):356-357}

^{3. M. Zuckerman, N. Cohen. Sources of Reports of Visual and Auditory Sensations in Perceptual Isolation Experiences.}

^{4. W. Heron, W.H. Bexton, and D.O. Hebb Cognitive effects of a decreased variation to the sensory environment.. Amer. Psychologist, 1953, 8, 366.}

In 1960, Vosberg et al. found that an anechoic chamber produced a high incidence of auditory and visual hallucinations even within an hour.^1,2

Brady and Mason¹ aimed to "establish whether brief sensory deprivation in an anechoic chamber can elicit psychotic-like experiences, and perceptual distortions in particular, and whether these are related to hallucination proneness".

They concluded that "short-term sensory deprivation was found to lead to increases in several aspects of psychotic-like experience including perceptual disturbances, anhedonia, and paranoia. Hallucination prone participants experienced greater perceptual disturbances than nonprone participants".¹

(I'll add more to this answer later.)

References

^{1. OJ Mason, F Brady. The Psychotomimetic Effects of Short-Term Sensory Deprivation. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 2009}

^{2. R. Vosberg, N. Fraser, J. Guehl. Imagery Sequence in Sensory Deprivation. AMA Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1960; 2(3):356-357}

In 1960, Vosberg et al. found that an anechoic chamber produced a high incidence of auditory and visual hallucinations even within an hour.^1,2

Brady and Mason¹ aimed to "establish whether brief sensory deprivation in an anechoic chamber can elicit psychotic-like experiences, and perceptual distortions in particular, and whether these are related to hallucination proneness".

Their procedure was to have a subject spend "15 minutes in the chamber in complete darkness".

They concluded that "short-term sensory deprivation was found to lead to increases in several aspects of psychotic-like experience including perceptual disturbances, anhedonia, and paranoia. Hallucination prone participants experienced greater perceptual disturbances than nonprone participants".¹

(I'll add more to this answer later.)

References

^{1. OJ Mason, F Brady. The Psychotomimetic Effects of Short-Term Sensory Deprivation. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 2009}

^{2. R. Vosberg, N. Fraser, J. Guehl. Imagery Sequence in Sensory Deprivation. AMA Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1960; 2(3):356-357}