Although indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the predominant auxin in plants, plays a critical role in
various plant growth and developmental processes, its biosynthesis and regulation have not …

Background The current AJCC staging system for gastric cancer (AJCC7) incorporated
several major revisions to the previous edition. The T and N categories and the stage groups …

BCAA catabolism in skeletal muscle is regulated by the branched-chain α-keto acid
dehydrogenase (BCKDH) complex, located at the second step in the BCAA catabolic pathway. The …

Some phytohormones such as gibberellins (GAs) and cytokinins (CKs) are potential targets
of the KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) protein. To enhance our understanding of KNOX …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor, angiotensin-converting
enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), and furin, …

The authors examined the effect of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on
squat-exercise-induced delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) using 12 young, healthy, …

The discovery of the enhancement of Raman scattering by molecules adsorbed on nanostructured
metal surfaces is a landmark in the history of spectroscopic and analytical techniques. …

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS)
have opened a variety of exciting research fields. However, although a vast number of …

The electromagnetic (EM) enhancement of the optical responses of molecules close to
plasmonic metal nanostructures has been applied for ultra-sensitive detection in vibrational …

The present review is focused on understanding the enhancement mechanisms in surface‐enhanced
Raman scattering (SERS) from the point of view of the various spectral changes, …