Like you said, a Monk can Dodge as a bonus action, at a heavy cost.
All Monks get Patient Defense at level 2. It costs 1 Ki to activate, and uses your Bonus Action, and 1 Ki point of the Monk's notoriously limited pool. This limits the Ki abilities you can use until your next Short Rest, it also gives up your Bonus Action, meaning no Flurry of Blows and no Martial Arts.
A Magic Item could give you extra options
The Sword of the Parnus from Guildmaster's Guide to Ravnica, allows it's wielder to do the following:
Immediately after you take the Dodge action, you can enable one
creature within 60 feet of you to use its reaction to gain the
benefits of the Dodge action.
Anything that affects what happens when you spend Hit Dice to heal will synergize with Dwarven Fortitude.
This includes the Durable Feat:
When you roll a Hit Die to regain hit points, the minimum number of
hit points you regain from the roll equals twice your Constitution
modifier (minimum of 2)
Or the Bloodwell Vial from Tasha's Cauldron of Everything:
when you roll any Hit Dice to recover hit points while
you are carrying the vial, you can regain 5 sorcery points. This
property of the vial can't be used again until the next dawn.
If all else fails, Cast Spirit Guardians and dodge until your enemies die.
This is a rather common tactic used by Clerics who use the Spirit Guardians spell.
Standing next to an enemy while the spell is active and dodging will allow you to deliver damage while maximizing your defenses.
At a high level, True Polymorph could give extra options for dodge, without much purpose.
The 9th level spell True Polymorph could turn you into a creature that can dodge as a bonus action. As per the text of the spell:
Creature into Creature. If you turn a creature into another kind of
creature, the new form can be any kind you choose whose challenge
rating is equal to or less than the target’s (or its level, if the
target doesn’t have a challenge rating). The target’s game statistics,
including mental ability scores, are replaced by the statistics of the
new form. It retains its alignment and personality.
The creatures with abilities related to Dodge include the following:
The Fastieth from Eberron: Rising From the Last War has the Quickness feature:
Quickness (Recharge 5-6). The fastieth can take the Dodge action as
a bonus action.
And the Drow House Captain from Mordenkainen's Tome of Foes can grant it's allies Dodge actions with Battle Command:
Battle Command. As a bonus action, the drow targets one ally he can
see within 30 feet of him. If the target can see or hear the drow, the
target can use its reaction to make one melee at-tack or to take the
Dodge or Hide action.
However, if you are the one being Polymorphed, you will presumably not be able to use Dwarven Fortitude.