The phone, by default is draining probably 1-2%/hr with AOD when left idle and reasonable settings (not max AOD brightness, etc). However, as I added extra background apps that track battery (to also display on AOD), and networkspeed, the drain became more like 2-3%/hour (10 hours of non use suddenly can drain ~25%
At sleep time, I trigger Airplane mode (I don't see any need to continue to receive messages, email when I am not going to reply/read them when sleeping), and during which, the drain is roughtly 0.2-0.4%/hr
On regular use like surfing, it is around 10-13%/hr (my brightness is usually 1/3, on medium screen reso, adaptive, on 4G as my card is 4G only, but I got 2 sim card connected together at same time)
When browsing video, it is around maybe... 14-15%? the phone will toggle bright video
A lot of people install many apps (especially "FREE" ones) that has malicious background intend that user don't know. For those apps that might mention the background usage, most people also just click ACCEPT without reading too.
What I am saying is, it usually is user issue more than phone/hardware issue. Try factory reset, use the phone plain without installing "3rd party app that promises Free benefits" (many malicious "free youtube" app that let you skip ads, but has malicious stuff inside)
From what you are sharing, it is quite clear there's background processes going on even when you are not using phone. Surface apps that don't hide their intent: you can check which are running in background when you swipe upwards to reveal all the open apps, on top left will show "X active in background >"; tap on that
Hidden malicious apps: sadly... name already indicate malicious... not easy to remove as the programmer has bad intend. Suggest just start from clean again and be warey of 3rd party apps
If it still drains bad, then it might be your hardware issue
(been using S23u since around April; use it a lot on photography, media consumption)