Can Changes in the Plasma Sodium Concentration Be Predicted Based on the Mass Balance of Sodium, Potassium, and Water in the Face of Osmotically Inactive Sodium Storage?
- PMID: 33873193
- DOI: 10.1159/000515726
Can Changes in the Plasma Sodium Concentration Be Predicted Based on the Mass Balance of Sodium, Potassium, and Water in the Face of Osmotically Inactive Sodium Storage?
Abstract
Alterations in the plasma sodium concentration ([Na+]p) is predicted based on changes in the mass balance of Na+, K+, and H2O. However, it is well appreciated that Na+ retention results in both osmotically active and osmotically inactive Na+ storage and that only osmotically active Na+ contributes to the modulation of the [Na+]p. Subject of Review: Recent clinical studies suggested that prediction of changes in the [Na+]p based on the mass balance of Na+, K+, and H2O is inaccurate since the osmotically inactive Na+ storage pool is dynamically regulated. In contrast, animal studies demonstrated that changes in the [Na+]p can be predicted if the total body Na+, K+, and H2O were to be accurately accounted for. Second Opinion: Our analysis demonstrated that alterations in the [Na+]p are predictable at the total body level if all sources of input and output of Na+, K+, and H2O can be accurately accounted for despite the paradoxical finding that there are changes in the osmotically inactive Na+ storage pool at the tissue level. However, future prospective clinical studies are needed to corroborate the findings in the animal studies. We proposed that the fundamental question as to whether changes in the [Na+]p can be predicted in the face of osmotically inactive sodium storage is best addressed by serial measurements of total body exchangeable Na+ and K+ and total body water by isotope dilution at different time intervals.
Keywords: Osmotically inactive; Potassium; Sodium.
© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Comment in
-
Effects of Tissue Sodium Storage on Plasma Sodium Concentration in Response to Hypo- and Hypertonic Stimuli.Nephron. 2021;145(6):734-736. doi: 10.1159/000516535. Epub 2021 Jun 18. Nephron. 2021. PMID: 34148045 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
Similar articles
-
Osmotically inactive sodium and potassium storage: lessons learned from the Edelman and Boling data.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2016 Sep 1;311(3):F539-47. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00215.2016. Epub 2016 Jun 8. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2016. PMID: 27279486
-
Are large amounts of sodium stored in an osmotically inactive form during sodium retention? Balance studies in freely moving dogs.Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2006 May;290(5):R1429-35. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00676.2005. Epub 2005 Dec 22. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2006. PMID: 16373433
-
Is the osmotically inactive sodium storage pool fixed or variable?J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Jan;102(1):445-7. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00614.2006. Epub 2006 Aug 17. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007. PMID: 16916917 Review.
-
Mobilization of osmotically inactive Na+ by growth and by dietary salt restriction in rats.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2007 May;292(5):F1490-500. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00300.2006. Epub 2007 Jan 23. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2007. PMID: 17244896
-
Water-free Na+ retention: interaction with hypertension and tissue hydration.Blood Purif. 2008;26(1):95-9. doi: 10.1159/000110573. Epub 2008 Jan 10. Blood Purif. 2008. PMID: 18182805 Review.
Cited by
-
Edelman Revisited: Concepts, Achievements, and Challenges.Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Jan 10;8:808765. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.808765. eCollection 2021. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022. PMID: 35083255 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Effects of Tissue Sodium Storage on Plasma Sodium Concentration in Response to Hypo- and Hypertonic Stimuli.Nephron. 2021;145(6):734-736. doi: 10.1159/000516535. Epub 2021 Jun 18. Nephron. 2021. PMID: 34148045 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical