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Results tagged with thermodynamics
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user 156895
Covers the study of (primarily homogeneous) macroscopic systems from a heat/energy/entropy point of view. Consider also using the tag: [statistical-mechanics].
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Why is the knowledge of the thermodynamical state alone is by no means sufficient for the de...
The dynamical state of a (classical) system is a prescription of the position and momentum for each of the constituent particles of the system, while the thermodynamical state of a system is a prescri …
- 70.2k
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Does $\Delta U$ depend on which type of gas is considered?
Yes, calculating $\Delta U$ requires a knowledge of what kind of gas you're talking about.
Would $\Delta U$ still be 0 for the same process, for a Real Gas? If so, then why?
No, not in general. …
- 70.2k
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A single-component simple system thermodynamics
We know that
$$ dU = TdS - pdV + \mu dN$$
If we assume that the internal energy $U$ is an extensive, homogeneous function of degree 1, then it follows that
$$ U = TS - pV + \mu N$$
Now consider the …
- 70.2k
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Thermodynamics - state variable
A state variable is a quantity which can be determined by the state of the system at a single moment in time. The temperature, volume, and pressure of a thermodynamic system are examples of this - yo …
- 70.2k
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Properties of a heat reservoir
The second differential referenced by Salinas is defined as follows. If $U=U(S,V)$, then
$$\mathrm dU = \left(\frac{\partial U}{\partial S}\right)_V \mathrm dS + \left(\frac{\partial U}{\partial V}\r …
- 70.2k
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Where does the wasted heat in heat transfer over finite temperature difference go?
Not all of the heat input to a gas is absorbed if it is over a finite temperature difference and thus not reversible.
That's not true. If you add some amount of heat $Q$ to a gas and don't allow …
- 70.2k
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Why is $\Delta U = nC_v \Delta T$ true,intuitively, regardless of the path?
There are two criteria. First, $c_V=nC_V$ must be constant; second, we must have that $P = f(V) T$ for some function $f$. Both criteria hold in the specific case of an ideal gas, but neither holds f …
- 70.2k
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Why is heat capacity at const pressure, $C_p$ not a function of volume?
The equation of state for a thermodynamical system with a fixed number of particles takes the form
$$f(p,V,T)=0$$
for some function $f$. For example, in the case of the ideal gas, one has that
$$f(p, …
- 70.2k
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In thermodynamics, does an open system have some kind of wall with which they can identify?
"Rigid walls" is usually a natural-language way to say "fixed volume" - meaning that regardless of what happens to the system, its total volume is not permitted to change. If you want to know whether …
- 70.2k
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Using a Legendre transformation to convert enthalpy to internal energy
Okay I see the problem - I misread the question (more than once).
The issue is that
$$p \neq - \left(\frac{\partial U}{\partial V}\right)_T$$
but rather
$$p = -\left(\frac{\partial U}{\partial V}\ …
- 70.2k
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Why $dW=pdV$ is an inexact differential?
You could do that - you're basically right there. What would $M$ and $N$ be, and would they satisfy the condition you quote?
Here's an alternative way to look at it. If there were some function $F …
- 70.2k
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Is it sensible to have a window fan w/ one intake and one exhaust?
Precisely how effective a fan like that would be would depend on things like how powerful the blades are and how large the room is. That being said, the general idea is solid.
The velocity field of …
- 70.2k
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Maxwell said that for a gas , the 'coefficient of friction is independent of density' but hi...
The mean free path in a dilute gas is inversely proportional to the density at fixed temperature. If the density increases, the mean free path decreases such that their product - and therefore $\mu$ - …
- 70.2k
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Why enthalpy change at constant volume is being stated as change in internal energy?
The statement made in the book is that if $P$ is constant, then (equation 6.8)
$$\Delta H = \Delta\big(U + PV) = \Delta U + P\Delta V$$
From there, if the volume is also constant, equation 6.8 become …
- 70.2k
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Total Derivatives and Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is a minefield for issues like this.
The internal energy, as you say, is a function of two variables - $S$ and $V$. …
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