Questions tagged [cosmology]
The study of the large-scale structure, history, and future of the universe. Cosmology is about asking and answering questions about the "big picture" - the extent, origin, and fate of everything we know.
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Negative Horizon distance
Consider a flat universe, here, proper distance can be given by R-W Metric:
$$d_p (t_0) = c\int_{t_e}^{t_0}\frac{dt}{a(t)},$$ $t_e$ is the time when a photon is emitted from a distant galaxy, $t_0$ is ...
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Dark energy and conservation of energy in General relativity [duplicate]
i know that conservation of energy in general relativity has been discussed multiple times here at PE, a popular explanation on the topic is Sean Carroll's blog "Energy is not conserved" ...
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Age of universe vs Hubble time in Milne universe
Consider an empty universe where energy density $\varepsilon = 0$, thus the Friedmann Equation can be reduced into:
$\dot a^2= -\frac{kc^2}{R_O^2}$
$k$ is the curvature of space, $R_0$ is the radius ...
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How to find critical density?
In Cosmology critical density is defined as the minimum density for a flat universe to keep expanding, by Friedmann Equation:
${\left({\frac {\dot {a}}{a}}\right)^{2}={\frac {8\pi G}{3}}\rho -{\frac {...
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How to understand critical density?
In Cosmology, critical density is given by setting $\Lambda = 0$ and $k = 0$, in other words, a universe without dark energy and zero curvature. According to my understanding and Wikipedia, this ...
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Why can photon be treated like gas?
In Cosmology, especially when studying Cosmic Dynamic, sometime we will treat photons as gas to calculate its pressure, but according to my understanding, photon and gas are nothing alike. Why can ...
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Net particle number density for relativistic particles at finite chemical potential (tricky integral)
Question: How does one show that the chemical potential of relativistic fermions is negligible at high energies? In particular, I would like to show that the difference between the particle density $n$...
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Why is the First Law of Thermodynamic related to Fluid Equation?
In Cosmology, there is a equation called Fluid Equation:
$$\dot{{\varepsilon}}+3\frac{\dot{a}}{a}(\varepsilon+P)=0.$$
It is derived by taking time derivative of the First Law of Thermodynamic:
$\dot{E}...
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Detailed derivation of ESCK gravity and Extended Friedmann Equations with Torsion
Do you know a textbook on the Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble theory of Gravitation and its application to derive Extended Friedmann Equations with Torsion, which shows the calculations in detail?
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R-W Metric and null geodesic path of photon
I was reading through Introduction to Cosmology, on Chapter 3, it gives me the R-W Metric:
$ds^2 = -c^2dt^2+a(t)^2[dr^2+{S_κ}(r)^2dΩ^2]$
${S_κ}(r)$ is a function related to the curvature of space, κ ...
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Accelerating Expansion of Universe - Why Not Caused by Radiation?
As I understand it, dark matter and dark energy are used as an 'explanation' for how universe expansion is accelerating; because without it gravity would be expected to cause a long term shrinking.
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Why are spherical shapes so common in the universe?
I have a simple question. Why are most objects in the observable universe spherical in shape? Why not conical, cubical, cuboidal for instance? I am furnishing a few points to justify this statement:
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Why does Hubble's Law indicate motion?
I have been trying to understand and find some justification about why Hubble's Law needs to implicate any sort of relative motion between galaxies.
I can understand why and how one would explain the ...
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If dark matter is axion particles, how did such light particles slow down?
One candidate for dark matter is axions and there is tentative experimental evidence for their existence.
Axions are very light, most models weigh them in at tiny fractions of an eV. It seems like ...
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Does the fact that we are able to see CMBR implies that universe expanded faster than light?
Supposedly, the universe underwent rapid expansion immediately after the big bang, surpassing the speed of light. If we can detect remnants from that era, does this suggest they moved faster than ...
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