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1 vote
2 answers
227 views

Cosmology - Confusion About Visualising the Universe as the Surface of a 3-Sphere

Consider the FRW metric for the Universe in the form found in many standard cosmology textbooks: $$ds^2 = -dt^2 + a(t)^2\left(\frac{dr^2}{1-Kr^2}+r^2(d\theta^2 + \sin^2\theta d\phi^2)\right)$$ I am ...
wrb98's user avatar
  • 201
3 votes
2 answers
444 views

What is the general form of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric in 4D?

I have written in some old notes that the FLRW (also known as FRW) metric can be written as: $$ds^2=dt^2 + a^2 (t) [dr^2 +r^2(d\theta^2 + sin^2\theta d\varphi ^2)] \tag{1}$$ I believe this is its ...
user7077252's user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
116 views

Is there any "realistic" metric of type $\mathrm{(A)dS}_2 \times \mathcal{T}_2$ in General Relativity?

After studying the Bertotti-Robinson metric, which describes a $\mathrm{AdS}_2 \times \mathcal{S}_2$ universe, I was wondering about other kind of closed topologies with holes, like $\mathrm{(A)dS}_2 \...
Cham's user avatar
  • 7,592
1 vote
1 answer
305 views

Cylindrical universe cosmology in general relativity

Is there a compact cylindrical universe solution to the Einstein equation, with space homogeneity, without using "artificial" periodic boundaries? I'm expecting a metric of the following shape: \...
Cham's user avatar
  • 7,592
1 vote
1 answer
132 views

What is this metric's scale factor?

While answering this question about a hypothetical 3-sphere universe $S^3$ expanding with a constant acceleration $\phi$ from a zero initial speed $$ r=\dfrac{\phi}{2}t^2$$ I started from a generic ...
safesphere's user avatar
  • 12.7k
12 votes
1 answer
356 views

What are the allowed topologies for a FRW metric?

Given a spacetime that has the maximal amount of spacelike translations and rotations, what are the possible topologies it may take? I am mostly wondering about the "time" topology since the spatial ...
Slereah's user avatar
  • 16.5k
1 vote
0 answers
343 views

How to test that a flat metric represents a global three-torus geometry

When introducing Robertson-Walker metrics, Carroll's suggests that we consider our spacetime to be $R \times \Sigma$, where $R$ represents the time direction and $\Sigma$ is a maximally symmetric ...
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