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$\begingroup$ How can electron flow without having an electric field, as my book says electric field can't go through conductors , even electric charge of a conductor resides entirely on the outer surface. $\endgroup$
– Aarav Raj
Commented Apr 12 at 8:38
$\begingroup$ @AaravRaj That statement of yours is only true, if the electrons in the metal have enough time to react on the field. In a static or slowly changing situation this will be the case, in a dynamical situation this will not necessarily be the case. $\endgroup$
– Zaph
Commented Apr 12 at 12:00
$\begingroup$ Can you please explain a bit, how things go in dynamic situation or atleast tell me any resource where can i learn more about it. $\endgroup$
– Aarav Raj
Commented Apr 14 at 7:09
$\begingroup$ @AaravRaj Well the easiest way to think of it is, that the movable charges need some time to react to a perturbation of the equilibrium configuration caused by an external field change. As a result of the reaction, there will be some currents and if the perturbing fields then stay constant and you have some damping effects in your system you will eventually end up in a new static equilibrium situation, where no forces act on your charges, which means your charges are screened form the fields. $\endgroup$
– Zaph
Commented Apr 14 at 11:18
$\begingroup$ @AaravRaj As for the details, that stuff is really complicated and an active field of science. To get an idea of how complicated it is, you might take a look at “Quantum Theory of the Electron Liquid” by Gabriele F. Giuliani, Giovanni Vignale. That thing surely will contain all the available information you might be interested in, when it comes to systems of charges reacting to external perturbations, and a lot more. $\endgroup$
– Zaph
Commented Apr 14 at 11:20

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