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Physics

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  • $\begingroup$ That is why the last dense opaque layer is called photosphere (indeed at about 5000 K versus a dozen millions K at the core). Outer of the photosphere stars have warmer but less dense not opaque layers. About the figure 1000 in @John Forkosh comment I ear higher values, such as 10000 and more, but in the very last case it was a TV program so I don't know. Already forgot what serious books said :( $\endgroup$
    – Alchimista
    Commented Apr 11, 2019 at 7:44
  • 2
    $\begingroup$ Since there cannot be a energy buildup inside the Sun, the energy flowing across any interior spherical surface should be the same as the energy that eventually comes out. The inner surface has a higher temperature but less surface area and hence radiates less, the outer surface has a lower temperature but a higher surface area. The temperature distribution of the Sun is in such an equilibrium that the energy flux radially outwards is constant. $\endgroup$
    – Kevin Selva Prasanna
    Commented Apr 11, 2019 at 10:44