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I am going to disagree with the "radical skepticism" label. "Not 100%" is very far from "most likely impossible". That certainty is never justified can also mean that it is 99% justified 99% of the ti …

There is no royal road to geometry, and philosophy is no different. There is no such book, I am afraid, even if you did focus just on Western philosophy, or even on philosophy of mathematics only. Als …

The closest I’ve seen is the chapter on Heidegger in Friedman’s Parting of the Ways. He describes the genesis of Heidegger’s views in response to epistemological difficulties in neo-Kantians Lask and …

You might as well go to the source: most anecdotes about Diogenes are taken from Lives of Eminent Philosophers by his namesake Diogenes Laertius, who wrote about 60 pages on him. Internet Encyclopedia …

Heidegger and the continental tradition that followed him comes to mind, many of them denounce not just the symbology of mathematics but "exact thinking" and science in general as antithetical to "dis …

Mind in the heart was a common Greek view, not specific to Epicurus, see Why did ancient Greeks think of "heart as seat of soul"? Epicurus's works are not extant, except for three letters on other top …

Emile Durkheim, a prominent French sociologist and philosopher, disagrees with you, and the original Roman saying:"Deviance serves major functions to society according to Durkheim; it affirms our cult …

You are probably referring to the first two paragraphs of the first book of the Transcendental Dialectic (A312-13/B369). Here they are, in Guyer's translation: "In the great wealth of our languages, …

I would get a general lay of the land first before jumping into reading sources, you will benefit more from them when you have at least a vague idea of how they fit into the big picture. Some textbook …

Perhaps the most original contribution to historical materialism after Marx is Đilas's New Class, that analyzes the communist system itself from the point of view of historical materialism. The new c …

The passage is translated in Marginal Modernity by Lisi, p.73-4 from Frank's Einführung in die frühromantische Ästhetik, p. 242-3. I do not have access to Frank's book to track the original citation. …

1817 lectures PhilPapers translates the title as Lectures on Logic and Metaphysics (from Wyss's announcement of the find in Hegel-Studien). Here is the German edition Vorlesungen über Logik und Metap …

This sounds like the Hegel's view of speculative thought. According to Hegel, it is a natural movement of thought to turn to its opposite ("negation"), and for the two to coexist until the opposition …

A very recent programme is the "transcendental syntax" promoted by Girard, the founder of linear logic, since 2011. As the Kantian name suggests, the idea is to develop a "critique of grammar", intrin …

The options I know have texts in searchable formats, but none is specific to major works or neatly organized like Gutenberg's Philosophy Bookshelf. You'll have to know the names and the authors you ar …