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0 votes
0 answers
46 views

How would demi-conditionals work?

Let π’œ = an actuality operator and βˆšβ†’ be demi-if. Which, if any, of the following conversions would go through? π’œA βˆšβ†’ π’œB = βˆšπ’œA β†’ βˆšπ’œB π’œA βˆšβ†’ π’œB = βˆšπ’œA β†’ π’œB π’œA βˆšβ†’ π’œB = π’œA β†’ βˆšπ’œB π’œA βˆšβ†’ π’œB = √�...
Kristian Berry's user avatar
3 votes
3 answers
357 views

How do we arrive at stronger theories in mathematics/logic?

A reasonable aim of formal mathematics/logic is to build systems which can "interpret" many things. As an example, ZFC can interpret a number of things. Incompleteness Theorems provide us ...
Ajax's user avatar
  • 1,139
1 vote
1 answer
121 views

What is (βˆƒ!e) in Davidson 1967?

Davidson proposes a causal law for singular event causation. Here is one example of a backward-looking part of such a law (changed slightly for clarity and to avoid copyright infringement): (e)(u)((...
user45910's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
369 views

Classical logic, symbolic logic, higher-order logic, First-order logic? Learning from scratch

I'd like to ask you a question about logic. I study philosophy in a Spanish Christian university. In the first year, we study logic but it's the classical one, following Aristotle's Organon, the ...
Jasso's user avatar
  • 21
2 votes
1 answer
72 views

Need help translating a formal definition into FOL

I need help formally translating the following definition into FOL: "a property F is essential to an object x if and only if x could not have been the object it is without possessing the property F." ...
user34064's user avatar
1 vote
2 answers
2k views

Can a true statement also imply the opposite of itself?

It's unlikely that there could be a thesis that also is its own antithesis. Similarly, a formula usually isn't the "opposite" of itself if we use well-defined terminology. Somehow I have a notion ...
Niklas Rosencrantz's user avatar