It wouldn't be philosophy if it uses math. It would be math (or applied math).
What is Philosophy?
Go to any philosophy website (like this one, or SEP), or read philosophy text books or notes -there is one thing which is strikingly common. The usage of natural language.
There are things which aren't developed enough, or not clear enough to allow us to use exact frameworks. We therefore have no choice but to use vague frameworks like natural language to discuss them. This vagueness allows us to discuss. This act of discussion in natural language is philosophy.
If you use math, there are rules, and oneonce you have agreed upon rules, you know the result -what's there to talk about then? You don't agree with my mathematical result? Fair enough. Now you want to use some other exact framework like mathematics -go ahead and you are back to where you started. Moreover, mathematics is a logical treatment on complex things. It doesn't tells you what is right. It just tells you that if you believe in your axioms, then following things hold true -on account of being logical consequences. We require natural language for debating, discussing and resolving issues which otherwise cannot be resolved. That's what philosophy is about.
When you are not stating facts or objectively describing the state of affairs, you are technically engaging in philosophy.
Also, read Wittgenstein's works.