A replication pattern or replicator pattern was the blueprint for a replicated item.
In 2367, Data asked USS Enterprise-D's computer to compare variations in the molecular structure of some memory chips. The computer determined that the likely cause was replication, upon which Data asked it to compare the variations with Romulan replication patterns. The computer confirmed that the patterns were identical. (TNG: "The Mind's Eye")
In 2371, Elim Garak claimed to have been programming the replicator patterns for a suit he had been designing when the power went out. (DS9: "Distant Voices")
In 2375, Benjamin Sisko speculated that the TR-116 rifle's replication pattern might have been accessed by a killer stalking Deep Space 9. Miles O'Brien noted that only Starfleet officers could access said files, the implications of which Sisko found disturbing.
Later, Ensign Bertram was suspected of being the killer after it was determined that he had accessed the rifle's replicator patterns a month previous without authorization. Ezri Dax wondered why he would access the pattern if he didn't plan to use it. According to Sisko, Bertram collected weapons. (DS9: "Field of Fire")