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4$\begingroup$ Wait, the dodecahedron is not a minimum energy configuration? $\endgroup$– M. WinterCommented Feb 6, 2021 at 2:50
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6$\begingroup$ @M.Winter Surprisingly, it seems that the minimal energy for 20 points is not related to the dodecahedron. Nor are the vertices of the cube the optimal arrangement for 8 points. A 2003 survey article by Atiyah & Sutcliffe includes citations and nice illustrations of the polyhedra (arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0303071). $\endgroup$– Brian HopkinsCommented Feb 6, 2021 at 5:50
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2$\begingroup$ @M.Winter I find it disappointingly unasthetic too! I can't help feeling that, if we can't even get a pentagon on a dodecahedron, then surely they can't show up anywhere else. Dodecahedra are the only places that pentagons belong! :) $\endgroup$– Alex MeiburgCommented Feb 6, 2021 at 7:29
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2$\begingroup$ @BrianHopkins. Did you notice the following sentence of the introduction ? A particularly interesting application of polyhedra in biology is provided by the structure of spherical shells, such as HIV which is built around a trivalent polyhedron with icosahedral symmetry. A few years later, the authors would have changed HIV into Coronavirus. $\endgroup$– Denis SerreCommented Feb 6, 2021 at 10:09
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1$\begingroup$ I guess a related conjecture: among all the optimal solutions to Thomson's problem, only a finite number of them have squares. The same idea that, eventually, everything becomes triangle packings. $\endgroup$– Alex MeiburgCommented Feb 8, 2021 at 0:32
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