Use a good dictionary like Merriam Webster, can you add the definition of the word combustible in the question: merriam-webster.com/dictionary/combustible

@Gimelist, Yes, imagine gas pass a glass tube (say a U- shaped tube) packed with soda-asbestos...NaOH will react with CO2 forming bicarb first. The entering gas was dried by P2O5 or by other powerful dessicants.

Welcome! Any discussion of mass spectrometry without the corresponding ionization method (electron impact, electrospray etc.) is a futile exercise. Also, it is better to provide links rather than saying "one site says...."

Modern ascarite must be asbestos free. Old school name is true to its name :-) Molten NaOH and asbestos granules.

Brown color could be anything, but most likely iron impurities or gunked up used material. The OP does not provide the history of this antique material.

It is very strange that if we search Ascarite in CAS, it comes up as sodium hydroxide only.

Chemists cannot recognize Co2. This symbol is for two atoms of cobalt joined together. Is this what you meant?

Normally, in linear regression one would plot the standard deviations in the dependent variable $y$ vs. the independent variable $x$. If the larger $x$ have larger errors and the standard deviation errors look linear with x$, then weighted least squares is good idea. Now the key points is that if you actually suspect outliers in data, then you might resort even more advanced fitting problems. Instead of minimizing the 2-norm (least squares), one can minimize the 1-norm. This methods gives low importance to outliers.

This should be a standard chemical engineering problem. Search oxygen scavengers in gas streams and you will find plenty of solutions.

Yes, 10 um energy is too low to make ozone.