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Why is there a charge on COOH⁻¹?

The dissociation of formic acid ($\ce{HCOOH}$) is: $$ \ce{HCOOH -> H+ + COOH-} $$ Why is there a charge on $\ce{COOH^{-1}}$ though? Is it achieved through: $$1\times(\ce{C^{4+}}) + 2\times(\ce{O^...
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