The phenomenon you are referring to is called "tidal locking", it occurs when the orbital period or one revolution of the planet is roughly equal to the time it takes to rotate in on its axis. Abiding to the sci-fi term coined by Isaac Asimov "Ribbon Planets", these worlds are common in orbits around type M dwarfs or red dwarf stars on the HR diagram.
The extreme conditions on these Ribbon worlds, make life impossible in the day and night hemispheres (except the terminator line where the temperatures are moderate for life to emerge). So, ribbon worlds, are tidally locked due to their close proximity to their host stars, because the tidal interactions, the action-reaction pairs of tidal friction forming between the star and the planet, it aligns itself into an equilibrium state like the Moon and becomes tidally locked to the major body.
Let us consider a moment where it is in fact, capable of hosting biosignatures like water, considering temperature for water, they would be close to the red dwarf because the habitable zone is close to the star as it has low stellar irradiance.
Continuing, one side of the planet would continue receiving extreme sunlight, and at least if a planet is rotating it would be capable of cooling down when it faces away from the Sun, so depending on its albedo, it would be absorbing the heat from the sun, and this would make its surface temperature extremely high and it would make all the water evaporate.
Now, since the only source of albedo has evaporated it will get hotter and also because water vapour is a greenhouse gas it will cause a runaway greenhouse effect and make the planet extremely hot, and no water means no life as we know it. This makes a temperature gradient, one is extremely hot one is extremely cold, making life uncommon on such a planet with uneven extreme temperatures. One related example would be Mercury, even though it has a non-synchronized rotation in 3:2 resonance.
Another major concern is the high amount of solar flares originating from the host stars, if the planet's magnetosphere can not protect it, it is fried
So, it is likely with our current understanding of life that life would be uncommon on ribbon planets. But there is a temperate region in the planets, this is the terminator zone, the boundary between day and night, where odds are life are better but that is an active topic of research whether it would be stable enough for life on it.
Regarding this, you may find this post interesting
Thank you, hope it helps you!