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How do I find what’s eating up all of my system’s memory?

I have a machine with 4 GB of RAM and no swap because hard drive is incredibly slow and enabling it make computer nearly unusable.

I am running several processes and when I sum all memory eaten by all processes from Task Manager, it doesn't give more than 400MB of RAM (working set and private set). But still Task Manager says that 85% of memory is used, system is complaining that it's out of memory and applications are crashing as they run out of memory.

  • What uses the remaining 3.5 GB of RAM?
  • Is there a way to detect it?
  • Analyze the kernel, drivers, caches and everything to check what precisely uses this memory so that I could disable it to free some operating memory?

I checked show all processes and system is 64 bit.

I don't believe Windows 7 kernel requires 3.5 GB of RAM for it to work... Please note I am more a Unix guy, so I don't see much into Windows. But it doesn't make much sense to me that when processes are eating 400 MB, whole 4 GB RAM is being used and system is crashing.

In Linux you can type the command free to see how much memory you have, how much buffers are using and how much is "physically" used by applications. Is there something like that in Windows?

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