How to do a full length vertical split in tmux

Question

I usually have two horizontal panes as such:

+–––––––––+–––––––––+
|                   |
|                   |  
|                   |
+–––––––––+–––––––––+
|                   |
|                   |
|                   |
+–––––––––––––––––––+

But would like to do a full-horizontal split like this:

+–––––––––+–––––––––+
|         |         |
|         |         |  
|         |         |
+–––––––––|         |
|         |         |
|         |         |
|         |         |
+–––––––––––––––––––+

Whenever I do a split, it turns out like this:

+–––––––––+–––––––––+
|         |         |
|         |         |  
|         |         |
+–––––––––+–––––––––+
|                   |
|                   |
|                   |
+–––––––––––––––––––+

So, I was wondering if there was a command that would do a full length vertical split. Thanks!

Edit: I forgot to mention that I wanted to only use one command to go from the first image to the second image.

Answer 1

From the manual [emphasis mine]:

split-window [-bdfhIvPZ] [-c start-directory] [-e environment] [-l size] [-t target-pane] [shell-command] [-F format]

(alias: splitw)

Create a new pane by splitting target-pane: -h does a horizontal split and -v a vertical split; if neither is specified, -v is assumed. […] The -b option causes the new pane to be created to the left of or above target-pane. The -f option creates a new pane spanning the full window height (with -h) or full window width (with -v), instead of splitting the active pane. […]

The tmux command you need is split-window -hf. You can bind it to a key like any other tmux command (e.g. bind-key -T prefix ^ split-window -hf in ~/.tmux.conf; remember the file is read when you (re)start the tmux server or explicitly reload the file (prefix:source ~/.tmux.confEnter)).

In a shell the command will be this:

tmux split-window -hf

Answer 2

You could do the following:

ctrl + b + % to make a vertical split.

ctrl + b + " to make a Horizontal split.

ctrl + b + left arrow to move to the left pane.

ctrl + b + " to make a Horizontal split.

and so you would have the four panels.