For a quick view:
du * | sort -n
(or equivalently, as joshhunt points out in the comment below, du | sort -n )
lists all directories with the largest last.
du --max-depth=1 * | sort -n
or, again, avoiding the redundant * :
du --max-depth=1 | sort -n
lists all the directories in the current directory with the largest last.
(-n parameter to sort is required so that the first field is sorted as a number rather than as text but this precludes using -h parameter to du as we need a significant number for the sort)
Other parameters to du are available if you want to follow symbolic links (default is not to follow symbolic links) or just show size of directory contents excluding subdirectories, for example. du can even include in the list the date and time when any file in the directory was last changed.