FLAC accepts a couple of integer parameters:
- PCM bit resolution (4 - 32 bits)
- Sampling rate (1 Hz - 655,350 Hz)
- Channels (1 - 8)
AllAll parameters ultimately affect bit rate (in kbps).
The difference between 16-bit and 24-bit FLAC lies in the PCM bit resolution.
The Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is used to digitally represent the analog audio signal, which is analog.
See also: PCM # Modulation - Wikipedia