Edit (3:00 am): There is no Event viewer entries for when Groove freezes, or at least none that I can find. I've also just noticed that when this issue occurs, I can also no longer navigate the Photos app with arrow keys, I have to close the image, then open the next one, instead of cycling to the next one in the app.
Update (8:30 am): Thanks to @harrymc, remembered SFC and DISM. Ran SFC /scannow, and it found some corrupted files (which it said it fixed), followed by Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth, to make sure that the source SFC was pulling from was nice and good, then ran SFC /scannow again for good measure, this time coming back with no integrity issues. Fingers crossed that this fixed it, I really want to be optimistic.