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  • 24.253.65.208 is your public internet IP address while 10.0.0.2 only exists within your own Intranet. "What would be different if the User Router as DHCP Server box was unchecked?" - You would have to assign each device a static intranet IP address. 10.0.0.1 and 24.253.65.208 is the same device, your modem provided by your router
    – Ramhound
    Commented Sep 12, 2022 at 22:22
  • The "piece of software" is NAT (Network Address Translation). This is in use in all home / very small business routers. Here is a decent explanation: techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/….
    – anon
    Commented Sep 12, 2022 at 22:31
  • @Ramhound - when you say "24.253.65.208 is your public IP address", does that mean it's the IP address assigned to my modem by my ISP?
    – StoneThrow
    Commented Sep 12, 2022 at 23:51
  • 1
    That is how NAT generally works. Inbound packets from outside IP go to the appropriate inside IP. It has worked like this for a very long time (2 - 3 decades)
    – anon
    Commented Sep 13, 2022 at 0:03
  • 1
    no, not at all. NAT is a tool to use when and where you need it. Your ISP will have segmented their network, and are controlling the routing between those sub-networks as they require, which may or may not require NAT for their situation and design goals. Common consumer internet access routers commonly use Source NAT, as there is no value in making your entire home network directly reachable from the Internet, combined with the general scarcity of publicly routable IP addresses.
    – Frank Thomas
    Commented Sep 13, 2022 at 0:18