The easiest potential solution to this kind of problem is to disconnect the devices in question while Windows is booted, then immediately reconnect them in different ports.
From what I can tell, this forces Windows to refresh the USB driver, which fixes... whatever strangeness causes this. It worked for me, but it may not work for everyone. Other things to try for similar problems include using Remote Desktop to remotely access Device Manager and clear any alerts next to the devices (thanks to faroschfarosch) and booting in Safe Mode (thanks to Big ChrisBig Chris). All of the other advice on this related questionthis related question is also good.
