Psychology and UX Articles & Videos

  • What Is Cognitive Load?

    Follow these 3 tips to reduce cognitive load and help your users: avoid visual clutter, build on existing mental models, and offload tasks.

  • Delightful UX Is Like a 3-Legged Stool

    Delight can be experienced viscerally, behaviorally, and reflectively. A delightful design must consider all three of these pillars.

  • The Picture-Superiority Effect: Harness the Power of Visuals

    People often remember visuals better than words. Designers can leverage the picture-superiority effect to make their products memorable and learnable.

  • Why the UX Team Doesn't Get the Credit

    The easier designs are to use, the less users tend to think about the work that went into making them that way. We know good designs are largely the result of your careful efforts — thank you.

  • How to Use the Zeigarnik Effect in UX

    The Zeigarnik effect suggests that unfinished tasks are more memorable than completed ones. In UX design, we can leverage this effect to encourage user engagement and task completion.

  • Attitudinal vs. Behavioral Research in UX

    Attitudinal research captures user opinions and feelings in the form of self-reported data; behavioral research observes user actions.

  • Encouraging Flow State in Products

    A Flow State is an enjoyable mental state of extreme focus provided by the perfect balance of challenge and skill. Follow our 3 tips to design products that allow users to enter the flow state.

  • Comparison Tables for Products, Services, and Features

    Use this versatile GUI tool to support users when they need to make a decision that involves considering multiple attributes of a small number of items.

  • The Aesthetic-Usability Effect

    Users are more tolerant of minor usability issues when they find an interface visually appealing. This aesthetic-usability effect can mask UI problems during usability testing. Identify instances of the aesthetic-usability effect in your user research by watching what your users do, as well as listening to what they say.

  • Mental Models

    What users believe they know about a user interface impacts how they use it. Mismatched mental models are common, especially with designs that try something new.

  • Memory Recognition and Recall in User Interfaces

    Recalling items from scratch is harder than recognizing the correct option in a list of choices because the extra context helps users retrieve information from memory.

  • Sycophancy in Generative-AI Chatbots

    Large language models like ChatGPT can lie to elicit approval from users. This phenomenon, called sycophancy, can be detected in state-of-the-art models.

  • Psychology for UX: Study Guide

    Unsure where to start? Use this collection of links to our articles and videos to learn about some principles of human psychology and how they relate to UX design.

  • ELIZA Effect: Why We Fall in Love With AI

    The ELIZA effect describes users' tendency to quickly attribute human characteristics to artificial systems when the interaction feels human-like. This is why people fall in love with AI.

  • Common-Knowledge Effect: A Harmful Bias in Team Decision Making

    Teams often make worse decisions than individuals by relying too much on widely understood data while disregarding information possessed by only a few individuals.

  • Primacy Effect: Put Important Things First

    The primacy effect influences how user perceive and remember your designs. Learn how to work with it to create more effective experiences.

  • Consistency vs. Innovation in UX Design

    Any type of innovation requires users to learn the new pattern. It's worth departing from convention only if you are sure that the new pattern will perform better than what is already available.

  • Basic Psychology Is Essential for UX Practitioners

    Basic psychological principles can guide you as a UX designer because most users share many common characteristics. Consider learning more about: motivation, attention, memory, persuasion, learning, decision making, emotion, sensation, perception, or cognitive biases.

  • Common Region: Gestalt Principle for User Interface Design

    Items within a boundary are perceived as a group and assumed to share some common characteristic or functionality.

  • Figure/Ground: Gestalt Principle for User Interface Design

    Users perceive interface design elements that differentiate the foreground (figure) from the background (ground) as something to focus on or interact with.

  • What Is Cognitive Load?

    Follow these 3 tips to reduce cognitive load and help your users: avoid visual clutter, build on existing mental models, and offload tasks.

  • Delightful UX Is Like a 3-Legged Stool

    Delight can be experienced viscerally, behaviorally, and reflectively. A delightful design must consider all three of these pillars.

  • Why the UX Team Doesn't Get the Credit

    The easier designs are to use, the less users tend to think about the work that went into making them that way. We know good designs are largely the result of your careful efforts — thank you.

  • How to Use the Zeigarnik Effect in UX

    The Zeigarnik effect suggests that unfinished tasks are more memorable than completed ones. In UX design, we can leverage this effect to encourage user engagement and task completion.

  • Encouraging Flow State in Products

    A Flow State is an enjoyable mental state of extreme focus provided by the perfect balance of challenge and skill. Follow our 3 tips to design products that allow users to enter the flow state.

  • ELIZA Effect: Why We Fall in Love With AI

    The ELIZA effect describes users' tendency to quickly attribute human characteristics to artificial systems when the interaction feels human-like. This is why people fall in love with AI.

  • Primacy Effect: Put Important Things First

    The primacy effect influences how user perceive and remember your designs. Learn how to work with it to create more effective experiences.

  • Consistency vs. Innovation in UX Design

    Any type of innovation requires users to learn the new pattern. It's worth departing from convention only if you are sure that the new pattern will perform better than what is already available.

  • Basic Psychology Is Essential for UX Practitioners

    Basic psychological principles can guide you as a UX designer because most users share many common characteristics. Consider learning more about: motivation, attention, memory, persuasion, learning, decision making, emotion, sensation, perception, or cognitive biases.

  • Common Region: Gestalt Principle for User Interface Design

    Items within a boundary are perceived as a group and assumed to share some common characteristic or functionality.

  • Figure/Ground: Gestalt Principle for User Interface Design

    Users perceive interface design elements that differentiate the foreground (figure) from the background (ground) as something to focus on or interact with.

  • Continuation: Gestalt Principle for User Interface Design

    The eye automatically follows lines and curves, continuing them. Employ continuation to guide users along desired paths in the UI.

  • Common Fate: Gestalt Principle for User Interface Design

    Things that move in synch are perceived as belonging to the same group and being different than other screen elements that stay put or move differently.

  • Connectedness: Gestalt Principle for User Interface Design

    Visual design elements that are connected (for example, by a line) are seen as belonging together. This principle is strong enough to overrule small differences between the items.

  • Closure: Gestalt Principle for User Interface Design

    People often fill in the gaps between visual elements, using closure to perceive them as a whole instead of being separate UI items.

  • Users Are Not Lazy (UX Slogan #10)

    Users don't work hard enough to discover how to use your design in the intended manner. Bad user! But really, they're just prioritizing their own time and interests and behaving the way evolution made people.

  • Proximity: Gestalt Principle for User Interface Design

    UI elements that are close together are perceived as belonging together, whereas users think that things that are apart play different roles in the interaction.

  • Similarity: Gestalt Principle 1 for UI Design

    User interface elements that share one or more traits (such as shape, color, size, etc.) will be seen by users as being similar and belonging together.

  • The Gestalt Principles for User Interface Design

    The gestalt principles for visual perception make users see some graphical user interface design elements as parts of a whole, and others as being separate, and thus different.

  • UX Is People (UX Slogan #7)

    User experience is not really about computers or technology. It's about the users (people) and about the design teams and proper processes for their members (people) to produce good UX.

  • The Picture-Superiority Effect: Harness the Power of Visuals

    People often remember visuals better than words. Designers can leverage the picture-superiority effect to make their products memorable and learnable.

  • Attitudinal vs. Behavioral Research in UX

    Attitudinal research captures user opinions and feelings in the form of self-reported data; behavioral research observes user actions.

  • Comparison Tables for Products, Services, and Features

    Use this versatile GUI tool to support users when they need to make a decision that involves considering multiple attributes of a small number of items.

  • The Aesthetic-Usability Effect

    Users are more tolerant of minor usability issues when they find an interface visually appealing. This aesthetic-usability effect can mask UI problems during usability testing. Identify instances of the aesthetic-usability effect in your user research by watching what your users do, as well as listening to what they say.

  • Mental Models

    What users believe they know about a user interface impacts how they use it. Mismatched mental models are common, especially with designs that try something new.

  • Memory Recognition and Recall in User Interfaces

    Recalling items from scratch is harder than recognizing the correct option in a list of choices because the extra context helps users retrieve information from memory.

  • Sycophancy in Generative-AI Chatbots

    Large language models like ChatGPT can lie to elicit approval from users. This phenomenon, called sycophancy, can be detected in state-of-the-art models.

  • Psychology for UX: Study Guide

    Unsure where to start? Use this collection of links to our articles and videos to learn about some principles of human psychology and how they relate to UX design.

  • Common-Knowledge Effect: A Harmful Bias in Team Decision Making

    Teams often make worse decisions than individuals by relying too much on widely understood data while disregarding information possessed by only a few individuals.

  • Groupthink in UX Work

    Groupthink is the human tendency to follow the opinion of the majority. This instinct can save time but can also lead us on the wrong path.

  • Three Pillars of User Delight

    Delight can be experienced viscerally, behaviorally, and reflectively. A great design is supported by all three of these pillars and is best evaluated with specific research methods.

  • The Context CUEs Framework in Field Studies

    Context CUEs framework is rooted in distributed cognition theory and guides in-depth observations of users’ physical and social settings.

  • Two Tips for Better UX Storytelling

    Effective storytelling involves both engaging the audience and structuring stories in a concise, yet effective manner. You can improve your user stories by taking advantage of the concept of story triangle and of the story-mountain template.

  • Ink Thinking Improves UX-Decision Making

    Ink thinking is a method of journaling your decisions and their subsequent outcomes to reveal patterns in your intuitive decision making.

  • Three Methods to Increase User Autonomy in UX Design

    Designers should help people use interfaces in ways that align with personal preferences and priorities.

  • Confirmation Bias in UX

    People tend to prefer information that confirms their existing beliefs and to undervalue information that contradicts their beliefs. With the appropriate research methods, the confirmation bias can be recognized and avoided in UX design.

  • Autonomy, Relatedness, and Competence in UX Design

    Addressing these 3 fundamental psychological needs in our products increases user motivation and well-being. Users will be more engaged and more likely to use our designs.

  • How to Handle Category Outliers in Your IA

    Users’ mental models of concept categories are far less strict than you might expect. Consider keeping small numbers of outlier pages within their larger parent category, rather than creating unnecessary subcategories.

  • Principle of Closure in Visual Design

    People tend to fill in blanks to perceive a complete object.

  • Common Ground and UX

    Any efficient communication requires that communication partners establish and rely on common ground so that they can take communication shortcuts.