The association of dietary quality with colorectal cancer among normal weight, overweight and obese men and women: a prospective longitudinal study in the USA
- PMID: 28679675
- PMCID: PMC5734399
- DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015619
The association of dietary quality with colorectal cancer among normal weight, overweight and obese men and women: a prospective longitudinal study in the USA
Abstract
Objective: Lower body mass index (BMI) and higher dietary quality reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). A full understanding of how these associations vary by sex and weight is lacking.
Methods: We used data from the National Institutes of Health - American Association of Retired Persons (NIH)-AARP) Diet and Health Study for 398 458 persons who were 50-71 years old in 1995-1996 and followed through 2006. Exposures were dietary quality as reflected by the Mediterranean Diet, the Healthy Eating Index-2010 and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score, stratified by BMI category. The outcome was CRC diagnosis from cancer registry data. Cox regression models were adjusted for disease risk factors.
Results: Over a mean duration of 123 months of follow-up, there were 6515 new diagnoses of CRC (1953 among the normal weight, 2924 among the overweight and 1638 among the obese; 4483 among men and 2032 among women). For normal weight and overweight men, we found a strong dose-response pattern for the association of increasing quintile of dietary quality with decreasing risk of CRC; this pattern was observed for obese men as well, but less consistently across the three measures of dietary quality. The findings were of smaller magnitude and less consistent for women but still suggesting associations of similar direction.
Conclusion: We observed that increased dietary quality was associated with lower risk of incident CRC up to 10 years later for men regardless of baseline weight category.
Keywords: and nutrition; body mass index; colorectal cancer; diet; food.
© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.
Conflict of interest statement
Competing interests: None declared.
Similar articles
-
Review article: obesity and colorectal cancer.Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2022 Aug;56(3):407-418. doi: 10.1111/apt.17045. Epub 2022 Jun 16. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2022. PMID: 35707910 Review.
-
Among 4 Diet Quality Indexes, Only the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score Is Associated with Better Colorectal Cancer Survival and Only in African American Women in the Multiethnic Cohort.J Nutr. 2016 Sep;146(9):1746-55. doi: 10.3945/jn.116.234237. Epub 2016 Aug 10. J Nutr. 2016. PMID: 27511927 Free PMC article.
-
Analysis of Body Mass Index and Mortality in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Using Causal Diagrams.JAMA Oncol. 2016 Sep 1;2(9):1137-45. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.0732. JAMA Oncol. 2016. PMID: 27196302 Free PMC article.
-
Index-based dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic review.Adv Nutr. 2015 Nov 13;6(6):763-73. doi: 10.3945/an.115.009746. Print 2015 Nov. Adv Nutr. 2015. PMID: 26567200 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Excess body weight and colorectal cancer survival: the multiethnic cohort.Cancer Causes Control. 2015 Dec;26(12):1709-18. doi: 10.1007/s10552-015-0664-7. Epub 2015 Sep 10. Cancer Causes Control. 2015. PMID: 26358830 Free PMC article.
Cited by
-
[Research Progress of the Effect of Mediterranean Diet on the Correlation of Lung Cancer].Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2024 Apr 20;27(4):299-305. doi: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2024.106.09. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2024. PMID: 38769833 Free PMC article. Review. Chinese.
-
Interactions between folate metabolism-related nutrients and polymorphisms on colorectal cancer risk: a case-control study in the Basque country.Eur J Nutr. 2024 Apr 23. doi: 10.1007/s00394-024-03371-5. Online ahead of print. Eur J Nutr. 2024. PMID: 38652304
-
Association between nutrient intake related to the one-carbon metabolism and colorectal cancer risk: a case-control study in the Basque Country.Eur J Nutr. 2023 Dec;62(8):3181-3191. doi: 10.1007/s00394-023-03229-2. Epub 2023 Aug 6. Eur J Nutr. 2023. PMID: 37543963 Free PMC article.
-
Mediterranean Food Industry By-Products as a Novel Source of Phytochemicals with a Promising Role in Cancer Prevention.Molecules. 2022 Dec 7;27(24):8655. doi: 10.3390/molecules27248655. Molecules. 2022. PMID: 36557789 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Associations of Evolutionary-Concordance Diet and Lifestyle Pattern Scores with Incident, Sporadic Colorectal Adenoma in a Pooled Case-Control Study.Nutr Cancer. 2022;74(6):2075-2087. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2002919. Epub 2022 Feb 1. Nutr Cancer. 2022. PMID: 35102803 Free PMC article.
References
Publication types
MeSH terms
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical