Red meat, Mediterranean diet and lung cancer risk among heavy smokers in the COSMOS screening study
- PMID: 23956193
- DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt302
Red meat, Mediterranean diet and lung cancer risk among heavy smokers in the COSMOS screening study
Abstract
Background: To assess whether intake of selected foods and food groups and adherence to a Mediterranean diet are associated with lung cancer risk in heavy smokers.
Patients and methods: In the context of a lung cancer screening programme, we invited asymptomatic volunteers, aged 50 years or more, current smokers or recent quitters, who had smoked at least 20 pack-years, to undergo annual low-dose computed tomography. We assessed participants' diet at baseline using a self-administered food frequency questionnaire and calculated their average daily food intake using an ad hoc computer program and determined their alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED) score. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the association between selected food items, beverages and the aMED score and lung cancer risk.
Results: During a mean screening period of 5.7 years, 178 of 4336 participants were diagnosed with lung cancer. At multivariable analysis, red meat consumption was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer [hazard ratio (HR) Q4 versus Q1, 1.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-2.61; P-value for trend 0.002], while tea consumption (HR for one or more cup/day versus none, 0.56; 95% CI 0.31-0.99; P-value for trend 0.04) and adherence to a Mediterranean diet (HR for aMED ≥ 8 versus ≤ 1, 0.10; 95% CI 0.01-0.77) were significantly associated with reduced lung cancer risk.
Conclusions: Among heavy smokers, high red meat consumption and low adherence to a Mediterranean diet are associated with increased risk of lung cancer.
Keywords: LD-CT screening; Mediterranean diet; food intake; lung cancer.
Similar articles
-
Adherence to Prudent and Mediterranean Dietary Patterns Is Inversely Associated with Lung Cancer in Moderate But Not Heavy Male Polish Smokers: A Case-Control Study.Nutrients. 2020 Dec 10;12(12):3788. doi: 10.3390/nu12123788. Nutrients. 2020. PMID: 33321922 Free PMC article.
-
Low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer in people with workplace exposure to asbestos.Lung Cancer. 2019 May;131:23-30. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.03.003. Epub 2019 Mar 6. Lung Cancer. 2019. PMID: 31027694 Review.
-
Dietary inflammatory index and risk of lung cancer and other respiratory conditions among heavy smokers in the COSMOS screening study.Eur J Nutr. 2016 Apr;55(3):1069-79. doi: 10.1007/s00394-015-0920-3. Epub 2015 May 8. Eur J Nutr. 2016. PMID: 25953452 Free PMC article.
-
Nutrient intake and nutrient patterns and risk of lung cancer among heavy smokers: results from the COSMOS screening study with annual low-dose CT.Eur J Epidemiol. 2013 Jun;28(6):503-11. doi: 10.1007/s10654-013-9803-1. Epub 2013 Apr 11. Eur J Epidemiol. 2013. PMID: 23576215
-
A vegetable to meat consumption ratio as a relevant factor determining cancer preventive diet. The Mediterranean versus other European countries.Forum Nutr. 2006;59:130-153. doi: 10.1159/000095211. Forum Nutr. 2006. PMID: 16917177 Review.
Cited by
-
Diet-Wide Association Study for the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Community-Dwelling Adults Using the UK Biobank Data.Nutrients. 2023 Dec 28;16(1):103. doi: 10.3390/nu16010103. Nutrients. 2023. PMID: 38201933 Free PMC article.
-
The Impact of Modern Dietary Practices on Cancer Risk and Progression: A Systematic Review.Cureus. 2023 Oct 7;15(10):e46639. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46639. eCollection 2023 Oct. Cureus. 2023. PMID: 37937022 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Dietary Patterns and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.Curr Nutr Rep. 2023 Jun;12(2):338-357. doi: 10.1007/s13668-023-00469-w. Epub 2023 Apr 25. Curr Nutr Rep. 2023. PMID: 37097371 Review.
-
Associations of adherence to Mediterranean-like diet pattern with incident rosacea: A prospective cohort study of government employees in China.Front Nutr. 2023 Feb 2;10:1092781. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1092781. eCollection 2023. Front Nutr. 2023. PMID: 36819686 Free PMC article.
-
Preventive and therapeutic effects of green tea on lung cancer: a narrative review of evidence from clinical and basic research.J Thorac Dis. 2022 Dec;14(12):5029-5038. doi: 10.21037/jtd-22-1791. J Thorac Dis. 2022. PMID: 36647481 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
Research Materials